專利摘要翻譯是
專利翻譯的一個(gè)組成部分,閱讀專利說明書摘要有助于情報(bào)檢索,迅速了解發(fā)明的主要內(nèi)容。摘要的宇數(shù)通??刂圃?200個(gè)詞左右。為了能簡(jiǎn)明扼要地表達(dá)發(fā)明的要點(diǎn)和主要用途,往往使用長(zhǎng)句,以及各種從句 (從句套從句)、倒裝句,另有分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞短語作定語等。因此,對(duì)于
翻譯公司的譯員要譯好專利文摘,弄清原文的語法關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。我們以美國(guó)專利 4,245,966號(hào)的摘要的第一句為例,講述一下專利翻譯的
英譯中:
In a device such as a refrigerant compressor provided with a reciprocating piston having a stroke length which can be changed from one value to another in accordance with the direction of rotation of the crank shaft driving a connecting rod,there is provided an arrangement in which the top dead-center position of the piston can be maintained irrespective of the changes in stroke length by an eccentric ring which has limited rotation on the crank shaft crankpin,and a second eccentric ring encompassing the first eccentric ring and which has limited rotation relative to the encompassing strap end of the connecting rod.
這一句很長(zhǎng),為一復(fù)合句。該復(fù)合句第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前為一狀語部分,其中有:1. 過去分詞短語 provided with a reciprocating piston,作定語,修飾 refrigerant compressor;2. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語 having a stroke length作定語,修飾 reciprocating piston;3. 定語從句 which can be changed another,修飾 a stroke length;I介詞短語 in accordance with the crank shaft,作狀語,修飾 Can be changed;4.現(xiàn)在分詞短語 driving a connecting rod作定語,修飾 the crankshaft。
第一個(gè)逗號(hào)后為主句部分,there is provided an arrangement是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),主語為 an arrangement。緊跟定語從句 in which the top can be maintained,在謂語 can be maintained后跟上介詞 by短語作狀語,by后有兩個(gè)并列賓語:an eccentric ring,它又套上一個(gè)定語從句 which have limited rotation crankpin;另一并列成分為:a second eccentric ring,后跟作定語的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 encompassing the first eccentric ring,又跟定語從句 and which has limited rotation,說明 a second eccentric ring;另有形容詞短語 relative to作定語,修飾 limited rotation。
中文譯文:
一個(gè)往復(fù)式活塞,安裝在一個(gè)諸如制冷壓縮機(jī)的裝置中,根據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)連桿上曲軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向,其行程長(zhǎng)度可從一個(gè)數(shù)值變化到另一個(gè)數(shù)值。本發(fā)明提供的方案是,即使行程長(zhǎng)度發(fā)生變化,活塞的上死點(diǎn)位置可保持不變。這是通過第一偏心環(huán)在曲軸曲柄銷上進(jìn)行限定的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),第二偏心環(huán)包著第一偏心環(huán),而第二偏心環(huán)相對(duì)于包著的連桿大端作限定的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。